The electron configuration of Copper
Feb 28,2024
Electron configuration through orbitals follows different principles. For example, the Aufbau principle, Hund’s principle, and Pauli’s exclusion principle. The expected electron configuration for Copper will be 1s22s22p63s23p63d94s2(when writing the electron configuration for an atom like Cu, the 3d is usually written before the 4s.)
However, half-filled and fully-filled subshells have extra stability. Therefore, one of the 4s2 electrons jumps to the 3d9. This gives us the (correct) configuration of 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s1.
For the Cu+ ion, we remove one electron from 4s1, leaving us withm 1s22s22p63s23p63d10.
For the Cu2+ ion, we remove a total of two electrons (one from the 4s1 and one from the 3d10), leaving us with: 1s22s22p63s23p63d9.
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